Randomised trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting finds reduced risk for death but uncertainty still reigns.

Methods This randomised trial seeks to determine whether mortality from prostate cancer is lower after radical prostatectomy than with primary expectant management. As an ongoing project for more than 20 years, prior major reports appeared in 2002,2 20053 and 2008.4 The current report extends follow-up by 3 years and focuses on low-risk prostate cancer (Gleason histological score <7, prostate-specifi c antigen level <10 ng/ml) and younger men (<65 years of age).